Ukuvama Kokushintsha Noma Ukuhlanzwa Kwamakhethini Esibhedlela

Izibhedlela zishintsha noma zihlanza amakhethini egumbi lezokwelapha njalo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukutheleleka; izindawo ezingcolile zibangela ukutheleleka okuhlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo okungu-20-40%. Imvamisa efanele iyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo yesibhedlela kanye nengozi yesiguli. Abakhiqizi bamakhethini esibhedlela inikeza imikhiqizo eyahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ikhethini elilwa namagciwane izinketho. Izikhungo zivame ukusebenzisa amakhethini alahlwayo ezibhedlela noma okunye amakhethini alahlwayoKudingeka isinyathelo esisheshayo ukuze kungcoliswe okubonakalayo. Ama-HAI nawo abangela izindleko ezinkulu.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Izibhedlela zihlanza amakhethini kaningi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala kwamagciwane. Amakhethini angcolile angabangela ukutheleleka ezigulini nakubasebenzi.
• Ukuthi amakhethini ahlanzwa kangaki kuncike endaweni yesibhedlela. Izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu zidinga ukuhlanzwa kaningi kunamakamelo avamile.
• Ukungahlanzi amakhethini ngokwanele kungenza abantu bagule. Kungalimaza negama elihle lesibhedlela futhi kuholele ekuhlawulisweni.

Kungani Kubalulekile Ukuhlanzwa Kwamakhethini Egumbi Lezokwelapha Okuvamile

ukuhlanzwa njalo kwe amakhethini esibhedlela kuwumkhuba oyisisekelo ezikhungweni zezempilo. Lokhu kulungiswa okuvamile kudlula ubuhle; kwakha isithiyo esibalulekile ekusabalaleni kwamagciwane ayingozi. Izibhedlela zibeka phambili lo msebenzi ukuze zivikele iziguli, abasebenzi, kanye nobuqotho bendawo yokunakekelwa.

Ukuvimbela Izifo Ezihlobene Nezempilo (HAIs)

Amakhethini asesibhedlela, avame ukuthintwa abantu abaningi, angaba izindawo zokugcina izifo ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zindawo zinegalelo elikhulu ekudlulisweni kwezifo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (ii-HAI). Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi amabhaktheriya namagciwane avamile angaphila ezindwangu zamakhethini isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, C. kunzima ama-spores angahlala izinyanga ezinhlanu, futhi ukumelana ne-Methicillin I-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ingaphila izinyanga eziyisikhombisa phezu komhlaba.

Ucwaningo luhlala lukhomba uhla lwezifo eziyingozi ezibhedlela Amakhethini ObumfihloLokhu kufaka phakathi ukumelana ne-MethicillinI-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) kanye ne-enterococcus engamelana ne-Vancomycin (VRE).

I-Pathogen	Izinga Lokuthola
I-enterococci engamelana ne-vancomycin (VRE)	13.8%
Amagciwane angenamandla e-gram-negative amelana nemithi	6.2%
Imelana ne-Methicillin I-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)	4.9%
I-Acinetobacter baumannii	Kufakiwe ku-gram-negative
I-Klebsiella pneumoniae	Kufakiwe ku-gram-negative
i-Enterobacter cloacae	Kufakiwe ku-gram-negative

Lawa makhethini egumbi lezokwelapha angcoliswa ngokushesha. Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthi amakhethini angu-92% abonise ukungcola kungakapheli isonto elilodwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-21% ane-MRSA kanye nama-42% ane-VRE. UJanet Haas, owayengumongameli we-APIC, wagcizelela ukubaluleka kwalokhu. Uthe, "Ukugcina indawo yesiguli ihlanzekile kuyisici esibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka okuhlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ngenxa yokuthi amakhethini obumfihlo angaba yindlela yokudlulisela izifo, ukugcina isimiso sokuhlanza njalo kunikeza enye indlela engaba khona yokuvikela iziguli ekulimaleni ngenkathi zisesekunakekelweni kwethu." Amakhethini angcolisiwe ahlobene ngqo nokuqubuka kwezifo. Ucwaningo lwango-2002 luthi amakhethini ayindawo yokugcina eyinhloko yokwelapha i-carbapenem engamelana ne-carbapenem. I-Acinetobacter baumannii ubhubhane egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile. Olunye ucwaningo luthole amakhethini njengomthombo ongaba khona wokudluliselwa kwe-group A streptococcus egumbini eliphakathi kwendlebe nekhala nomphimbo.

Ukuqinisekisa Ukuphepha Kwesiguli Nabasebenzi

Ukuphepha kweziguli kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo kuncike kakhulu ezindleleni zokulawula ukutheleleka ezisebenzayo. Amakhethini asesibhedlela, avame ukuthintwa yiziguli, izivakashi, kanye nabasebenzi, abeka ingozi enkulu yokudluliselwa kwegciwane. Abasebenzi bezempilo banesibopho sokunciphisa ukuchayeka kuma-HAI. Nakuba ukuhlanzeka kwezandla kuyindlela eyinhloko yokungenelela, ukuthobela imithetho kungahluka. Izifundo zibonisa ingozi enkulu yokuthi amagilavu ​​​​adlulisele amabhaktheriya kusuka emakhethini aye ezigulini. Lapho abasebenzi bezempilo bebeka kabusha amakhethini ngemva kokwenza ukuhlanzeka kwezandla nokugqoka amagilavu, bangawathatha futhi bawadlulisele ngokungaqondile amabhaktheriya.

Izifundo eziningi zikhombe izifo ezifana ne-MRSA, i-VRE, kanye ne- I-Clostridium difficile emakhethini asesibhedlela. Lokhu okutholakele kuqokomisa amakhethini njengendlela engaba yimbangela yamagciwane ahlobene nama-HAI. Lokhu kudinga ukungenelela ngale kokuhlanzeka kwezandla okulula. Isibonelo, ubhubhane lwe- I-Acinetobacter baumannii ngo-2002 e-ICU yaseBirmingham wathola amakhethini aseceleni kombhede njengomthombo oyinhloko. Ukuqubuka kwamuva kweQembu A I-Streptococcus (GAS) ewadini le-ENT laseNottingham kutholakale ukuthi amakhethini ayi-10 kwangu-34 aseceleni kombhede ayeyimithombo ye-GAS. Lezi zimo zigcizelela usongo oluqondile lwamakhethini angcolile abangelwa yinhlalakahle yeziguli kanye nabasebenzi.

Ukugcina Indawo Ehlanzekile

Indawo ehlanzekile nehlanzekile iyisisekelo sokunakekelwa kwesiguli kanye nokululama. Ukuhlanza njalo amakhethini esibhedlela kunegalelo elikhulu kulokhu. Kusiza ekudaleni isimo sobungcweti kanye nokwethembana. Iziguli kanye nemindeni yazo zilindele indawo ehlanzekile. Ukuhlanzeka okubonakalayo kubaqinisekisa ngekhwalithi yokunakekelwa abakutholayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amakhethini angcolile noma angcolile angase anciphise ukuzethemba ekuzibophezeleni kwesikhungo ekuhlanzekeni. Ngaphandle kokulawulwa kokutheleleka, ukugcina amakhethini ahlanzekile kusekela isipiliyoni esihle sesiguli. Kubonisa ukuzinikela kwesibhedlela emazingeni aphezulu okunakekelwa. Lokhu kuzibophezela kufinyelela kuzo zonke izici zendawo ezungezile isiguli.

Izikhathi Ezinconywayo Zokunakekelwa Kwekhethini Lesibhedlela

Izibhedlela zibeka amashejuli athile okugcina amakhethini obumfihlo. Lawa mashejuli aqinisekisa ukulawulwa kokutheleleka okuqhubekayo kanye nendawo ehlanzekile. Ukuvama kokushintsha noma ukuhlanza amakhethini kuncike kakhulu endaweni ethile ngaphakathi esibhedlela kanye nengozi ehambisanayo yokungcola.

Uhlelo Lokuhlanza Amakhethini Ewadi Ajwayelekile

Amakhethini ewadi ajwayelekile adinga ukunakekelwa njalo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwamagciwane. Izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo zivame ukuhlanza amakhethini emakamelweni eziguli ajwayelekile kanye nasemakamelweni ajwayelekile njalo ngenyanga eyodwa kuya kwezintathu. Lokhu kuvama kubhekana nokuchayeka okulinganiselwe ekungcoleni. Kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukunqwabelana kwamagciwane. Imikhuba emihle ihlanganisa ukuwasha njalo noma ukushintsha la makhethini ngamasha. Izikhungo Zokulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (i-CDC) zeluleka ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane amakhethini asesibhedlela lapho ebonakala engcolile ngokusobala. Ziphinde zincome ukuhlanza ngemva kokuchitheka kwegazi noma uketshezi lomzimba. Ukuhlanza njalo, njengansuku zonke noma masonto onke, nakho kubalulekile. Ukuvama okuqondile kuncike engcupheni yokungcola. I-National Standards of Healthcare Cleanliness 2021 ihlukanisa izindawo ezisebenzayo ngengozi. Lokhu kunquma ukuvama kwama-blinds, amakhethini, kanye nezikrini. Zonke izinto ezinjalo kumele zihlale zihlanzekile ngokubonakalayo. Kufanele zingabi negazi, izinto zomzimba, uthuli, ukungcola, imfucumfucu, amabala, noma ukuchitheka. Amashejuli okuhlanza kumele afake lezi zinto, futhi amarekhodi kumele agcinwe.

Imvamisa Yokushintsha Kwekhethini Lendawo Esengozini Enkulu

Izindawo ezinengozi ephezulu yokungcola zidinga ukushintshwa noma ukuhlanzwa njalo kwamakhethini. Amakamelo okuhlinzwa, iminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo, kanye namayunithi okunakekelwa okujulile awela kulesi sigaba. Lezi zindawo zithola ukushintshwa okuphezulu kweziguli futhi zivame ukuhilela izinqubo ezinamathuba amakhulu okuchayeka oketshezini lomzimba. Ngenkathi amawadi ajwayelekile angalandela ishejuli yanyanga zonke noma yekota, izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu zivame ukudinga izinguquko zamasonto onke noma ngisho zansuku zonke. Le ndlela yokuqapha inciphisa ukusabalala kwamagciwane amelana kakhulu. Ivikela iziguli ezisengozini. Izikhungo kumele zisebenzise izinqubo eziqinile zalezi zindawo ezibalulekile.

Izinqubo Zokwelapha Iziguli Ezingalaliswanga Nezivivinyo Zegumbi Lokuhlola

Imitholampilo yeziguli zangaphandle kanye namagumbi okuhlola nawo adinga izinqubo eziqinile zokulungisa amakhethini. Izibhedlela kumele zilandele iziqondiso eziqinile zokuhlanza amakhethini endwangu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuwasha njalo ukuvimbela ukungcola. Ukushintshwa njalo kungadingeka, ikakhulukazi emitholampilo ematasa. Imizila yamakhethini esibhedlela yesimanje yenza kube lula ukushintsha amakhethini. Lezi zinhlelo zokushintsha okusheshayo zinciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi. Ziqinisekisa ukutholakala okuqhubekayo kwamakhethini amasha, ahlanzekile. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele kusiza nokulawula ukutheleleka. Ukukhetha amakhethini alwa namagciwane noma alahlwayo kusiza izikhungo zezempilo ukuthi zigcine inhlanzeko ngokunakekelwa okuncane. Izikhungo kufanele zisebenzise uhlelo lokuhlanza olujwayelekile lwamakhethini obumfihlo. Lokhu kugcina indawo ehlanzekile futhi kuvimbela ukwakheka kokungcola. Abasebenzi kumele bahlole njalo amakhethini obumfihlo ukuthi agugile noma awonakele. Kufanele bashintshe ngokushesha noma yimaphi amakhethini aqhekekile, aklebhukile, noma okunzima ukuwahlanza. Abasebenzi bezempilo badinga nokuqeqeshwa ngokusetshenziswa okufanele nokuqhubekayo kwamakhethini obumfihlo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukudweba okufanele ngesikhathi sokusebenzisana kweziguli kanye nezinqubo ezibucayi. Ukuhlanganisa amakhethini obumfihlo ezinqubweni zokulawula ukutheleleka kwezikhungo kuqinisekisa ukuhlanzwa nokuphathwa okufanele. Lokhu kuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka. Izikhungo kufanele futhi zazise iziguli ngenhloso nezinzuzo zamakhethini obumfihlo. Lokhu kubakhuthaza ukuba bacele ukusetshenziswa kwawo ukuze bathole induduzo nobumfihlo.

Ukushintsha Kwekhethini Ngokushesha Noma Izinto Ezibangela Ukuhlanza

Izimo ezithile zidinga ukushintshwa noma ukuhlanzwa ngokushesha kwamakhethini egumbi lezokwelapha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunjani ngokwesimiso. Ukungcola okubonakalayo noma amabala aqinile endwangu kubangela isinyathelo esisheshayo. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuthintana kwemishini yezokwelapha, uketshezi lomzimba, noma uthuli oluqongelelekile kanye nokungcola. Amaphunga angathandeki ahlala isikhathi eside nawo abonisa isidingo sokungenelela ngokushesha. Lawa maphunga angavela ezintweni zokuhlanza, uketshezi lomzimba, noma izinto ezingcolisayo zangaphandle. Angase abonise ukuba khona kwamagciwane ayingozi. Amacala okuhlukaniswa adinga njalo ukushintshwa kwamakhethini ngokushesha. Abasebenzi kumele bafake amakhethini angcolile emasakeni kahle. Noma yimaphi amakhethini anombala obonakalayo nawo adinga ukushintshwa kwawo ngokushesha kanye nokupakishwa kwawo emasakeni. Lezi zinto ezibangela lokhu ziqinisekisa impendulo esheshayo ezenzakalweni ezingaba khona zokungcola.

Izici Ezithonya Ukuvama Kokuhlanza Amakhethini Esibhedlela

Izinto eziningana zinquma ukuthi izibhedlela zishintsha kangaki noma zihlanza kanjani amakhethini obumfihlo. Lezi zinto ziqinisekisa ukulawulwa kokutheleleka okuphumelelayo futhi zigcina indawo engcolile.

Indawo Yokunakekelwa Kwezempilo kanye Nomthelela Weziguli

Indawo ethile yokunakekelwa kwempilo ithonya kakhulu imvamisa yokuhlanza amakhethini. Izindawo ezinabantu abaningi, njengezindawo zokuphuthumayo noma amayunithi okunakekelwa okujulile, ziqoqana amagciwane ngokushesha okukhulu. Lezi zindawo zidinga izinguquko ezivame kakhulu. Ngokufanayo, iziguli ezinezinhlelo zomzimba ezibuthakathaka zidinga izindlela zokuhlanza eziqinile. Iziguli ezisengozini zibhekene nezingozi eziphezulu ezivela ezintweni ezingcolisayo zemvelo.

Izinto Zokuhlobisa Nezokuklama Zekhethini

Izinto zokwakha kanye nokwakheka kwamakhethini egumbi lezokwelapha kudlala indima ebalulekile. Amanye amakhethini, njenge-B-Clean™ Curtains, asebenzisa indwangu ye-polypropylene engu-100% efakwe amakhemikhali alwa namagciwane kanye nokukhunta, okuhlanganisa nesiliva se-nanometer. Lezi zinto zivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane, okungenzeka kunciphise ukuvama kwezinguquko. Amakhethini e-polypropylene anobuchwepheshe be-ion yesiliva asusa ukukhula kwamagciwane okufika ku-99.9999%, ahlala ehlanzekile phakathi kokugeza. Amakhethini e-Marlux® anobuchwepheshe be-ion yesiliva ye-Microban® nawo avikela amagciwane amelana namagciwane njenge-MRSA. Kodwa-ke, i-polypropylene engalashwanga ayimelani ngokwemvelo nokukhula kwamagciwane.

Izinqubomgomo kanye namaProtocol aqondene nezikhungo

Isibhedlela ngasinye sakha izinqubomgomo zaso ezinemininingwane kanye nezinqubo zokulungisa amakhethini. Lezi ziqondiso zangaphakathi zicabangela ukwakheka okuhlukile kwesikhungo, ukuhamba kwesiguli, kanye nezinsiza ezitholakalayo. Zisungula amashejuli athile kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanza, ukufaka esikhundleni, kanye nokulahla.

Iziqondiso Zokulawula Ukutheleleka Kwendawo

Izibhedlela kumele zilandele iziqondiso zokulawula ukutheleleka kwendawo. Le mithetho ivame ukuhlinzeka ngezindinganiso eziphansi zokuhlanza indawo, okuhlanganisa namakhethini obumfihlo. Ukunamathela kulezi ziqondiso kuqinisekisa izinga eliyisisekelo lokuhlanzeka nokuphepha kwesiguli kuzo zonke izikhungo zezempilo.

Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokuphathwa Kwezihenqo Zezibhedlela

Ukuphathwa kahle kwamakhethini ezibhedlela kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukutheleleka nokugcina indawo ihlanzekile. Izibhedlela zisebenzisa izindlela eziningana ezinhle zokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zithiyo ezibalulekile zihlala zihlanzekile futhi ziphephile.

Ukusungula Izinqubo Zokulungisa Ezicacile

Izibhedlela kumele zisungule izinqubo ezicacile nezibhalwe phansi zokunakekelwa kwamakhethini. Lezi ziqondiso zichaza amashejuli okuhlanza, izinqubo zokushintsha, kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo yabasebenzi. Izinqubo eziqinile ziqinisekisa ukuvumelana kanye nokuziphendulela kuyo yonke iminyango. Ziphinde zihlinzeke ngohlaka lokuqeqesha amalungu abasebenzi abasha ngokuphathwa kwamakhethini ngendlela efanele.

Izindlela Zokuhlanza Eziphumelelayo Nezindlela Zokwenza Amakhethini

Izibhedlela zisebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzayo zokubulala amagciwane emakhethini. Umhwamuko womusi unikeza indlela ephumelelayo yomzimba, evame ukusetshenziswa neziguli egumbini. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhanya kwe-UV-C buhlanza izindawo nemishini, busebenza njengesihlanzi semvelo ngokumelene namagciwane. Ubuchwepheshe bamakhemikhali obufana ne-fogger buhlose amabhaktheriya, kodwa abasebenzi kumele bacabangele amathuba okuphefumula amakhemikhali ayingozi. Ukuze kuhlanzwe kahle, ochwepheshe batusa ukugeza amakhethini asesibhedlela nge-bleach namanzi ashisayo. Ukuhlolwa kwangemva kokuwasha kuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinto eziyingozi ezisele. Ezinye izindlela zifaka phakathi ukuhlanza umusi, okusebenzisa ukushisa okuphezulu ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali, kanye nokuhlanza amakhemikhali ngezibulala-magciwane zezinga lesibhedlela. Ukuwasha kwendabuko okwenziwa yizinsizakalo zezentengiselwano ezingaphandle kwendawo kunikeza ukusetha kabusha okuphelele, kusetshenziswa izihlanzi zezimboni kanye nokomisa okushisa okuphezulu.

Ukusebenzisa Uhlelo Lokulandelela Ushintsho Lwekhethini

Uhlelo lokulandelela oluqinile lusiza izibhedlela ukuqapha ukulungiswa kwamakhethini. Lolu hlelo luqopha ukuthi abasebenzi bagcina nini ukuhlanza noma ukushintsha ikhethini ngalinye. Luqinisekisa ukunamathela ezimisweni ezimisiwe futhi luhlonza amakhethini afanele ukuseviswa. Izinhlelo zokulandelela zedijithali zingenza le nqubo ibe lula, zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunemba.

Ukuhlola Izinketho Zekhethini Elilahlwayo

Izibhedlela zivame ukuhlola izinketho zamakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha. Amakhethini alahlwayo anikeza ukonga kwezindleko zokuqala futhi anganciphisa ukusabalala kokutheleleka uma abasebenzi bewashintsha njalo. Kodwa-ke, andisa izindleko zemfucuza yesibhedlela kanye nokulahla. Angaba nezimbungulu ezinkulu phakathi namasonto uma engashintshwa njalo. Amakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha, ngokuphambene nalokho, anikeza induduzo yesiguli ethuthukisiwe kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe zesikhathi eside. Anciphisa imfucuza futhi ahlinzeka ngokusimama. Amakhethini egumbi lezokwelapha angasetshenziswa kabusha aqinile, angenziwa ngezifiso, futhi kulula ukuwanakekela ngokuwasha ngomshini noma ngokuwasha izingubo zobungcweti. Aphinde ahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuthobela imithetho.

Izingozi Zokunakekelwa Kwamakhethini Egumbi Lezokwelapha Okunganele

Ukunganaki ukulungiswa okufanele kwamakhethini esibhedlela kubeka engcupheni enkulu ukuphepha kweziguli, inhlalakahle yabasebenzi, kanye nobuqotho besikhungo sezempilo. Lezi zingozi zidlulela ngale kobuhle obulula, zithinta ukulawulwa kokutheleleka kanye nokuhambisana nokusebenza.

Izingozi Zokwanda Kokudluliswa Kwegciwane

Ukuhlanzwa okunganele noma ukushintsha amakhethini esibhedlela njalo kuphakamisa ngqo ingozi yokudluliselwa kwesifo. Amakhethini angcolile asekamelweni lezokwelapha angaba namagciwane ayingozi njenge-MRSA, i-VRE, kanye C. kunzimaIziguli nabasebenzi bavame ukuthinta lezi zindawo, okudala amathuba okungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene. Lokhu kuqapha kungaholela ekuqubukeni kwezifo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (ii-HAI), kubeke engcupheni ukululama kwesiguli kanye nokwanda kokugula.

Inhlalakahle Yesiguli Nabasebenzi Abasengozini

Uma amakhethini ehlala engahlanzekile, aba yindawo yokuzalela amagciwane namagciwane. Lokhu kubeka impilo yeziguli kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo engcupheni ngqo. Iziguli, ezivame ukuba sengozini kakade, zibhekene nokuchayeka ezifweni ezincane eziyingozi, okungase kwandise isikhathi sokuhlala kwazo esibhedlela noma kube kubi kakhulu. Amalungu abasebenzi nawo asengozini yokuchayeka, okungaholela ekuguleni nasekuphutheni emsebenzini, okuthinta amandla okusebenza kwesikhungo.

Umthelela Omubi Edumeleni Lesikhungo

Ukuzibophezela kwesibhedlela ekuhlanzeni kuthonya ngqo umbono waso womphakathi. Ukungcola okubonakalayo, amabala, noma iphunga emakhethini obumfihlo kubonisa ukunganakwa kokuhlanzeka. Lokhu kungalimaza kakhulu idumela lesikhungo, kuqede ukwethenjwa nokuzethemba kwesiguli. Idumela elibi lingaholela ekunciphiseni inani leziguli kanye nemizwa emibi yomphakathi, okuthinta ukuma kwesibhedlela emphakathini.

Ukungalandeli imithetho okungenzeka

Ukwehluleka ukugcina amakhethini ezibhedlela ngokweziqondiso ezimisiwe kungabangela ukungalandeli imithetho okungathi sína. Izinhlangano ezilawulayo, njenge-EPA ne-OSHA, ziphoqelela izindinganiso eziqinile zokuhlanzeka kwemvelo ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ukwephulwa kwemithetho kungabangela izinhlawulo ezinkulu zezimali, kusukela ezinkulungwaneni kuya ezigidini zamaRandi, kuye ngokuthi ukwephulwa kwemithetho kungakanani. Izikhungo zingase zithole nezindleko ezengeziwe zezinyathelo zokulungisa, izimali zomthetho, kanye nokukhushulwa kwezimali zomshuwalense. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungalandeli imithetho kungaholela esenzweni sezomthetho, kufaka phakathi amacala ngisho namacala obugebengu, ikakhulukazi uma imikhuba yokuhlanzeka engafanele ibangela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo noma ukulimala empilweni yomphakathi. Ukugcina imithetho kubalulekile ekugcineni ukwethembana nokuphepha embonini.

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Ukunamathela njalo ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza amakhethini kusabalulekile ekulawuleni ukutheleleka okuphumelelayo. Izibhedlela kumele zisebenzise izinqubo eziqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwamakhethini okulungile. Ukulungisa izikhathi zokuhlanza ukuze kuhambisane nezingozi ezithile zomnyango kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwesiguli. Le mikhuba ephelele ivikela iziguli kanye nabasebenzi ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izibhedlela zishintsha kangaki amakhethini obumfihlo?

Izibhedlela zishintsha amakhethini egumbi elijwayelekile njalo ngenyanga eyi-1-3. Izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu zidinga ushintsho lwamasonto onke noma lwansuku zonke. Ukungcola okubonakalayo noma ukungcola kubangela ukushintshwa ngokushesha.

Kungani kubalulekile ukuhlanzwa njalo kwamakhethini esibhedlela?

Ukuhlanza njalo kuvimbela izifo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (HAIs). Kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kweziguli nabasebenzi. Lo mkhuba uphinde ulondoloze indawo ehlanzekile ngaphakathi kwesikhungo.

Yiziphi izici ezithonya ukuvama kokuhlanza amakhethini?

Indawo yokunakekelwa kwempilo, inani leziguli, izinto zokuhlobisa, kanye nezinqubomgomo zezikhungo kuthonya ukuvama kwazo. Iziqondiso zokulawula ukutheleleka kwendawo nazo zidlala indima.