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Indlela Amakhethini Ezibhedlela Alahlwayo Athuthukisa Ngayo Ukuphepha Kwesiguli
Iyalahlwa amakhethini esibhedlela ifeza injongo ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukutheleleka ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.amakhethini ezokwelaphadala isithiyo esibalulekile ekulweni namagciwane, okuqinisekisa isimo esiphephile seziguli. Izifundo zakamuva zibonisa ukuthi lezi isikrini sobumfihlo besibhedlelakunganciphisa izingozi zokungcoliswa okuthelelanayo ngo-40%, kunikeze indawo entsha yesiguli ngasinye. Ukusetshenziswa kwala makhethini ezibhedlela kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwesiguli sonke, okwenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile yamasu okuvimbela ukutheleleka asebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho,amakhethini ezokwelapha alahlwayo, njenge- Ikhethini lokuhlukanisa i-ICU, futhi kunegalelo ekugcineni inhlanzeko kanye nobumfihlo ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okubucayi.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
- Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo anciphisa kakhulu izingozi zokutheleleka ngokuhlinzeka ngesikhala esisha sesiguli ngasinye, ehlisa ukungcoliswa okuthelelanayo ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-40%.
- Ukushintshela kumakhethini alahlwayo kwenza kube lula izindlela zokuhlanza, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile kakhulu ekunakekelweni kweziguli futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza.
- Ukusebenzisa amakhethini alahlwayo kuthuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwesiguli ngokudala indawo ehlanzekile neyamukelekayo, okukhuthaza ukwethembana nenduduzo ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Izingozi Zokutheleleka Kwamakhethini Endabuko
Amakhethini esibhedlela avamile abeka engcupheni enkulu yokutheleleka ngenxa yokuchayeka kwawo njalo ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane. Lawa makhethini avame ukusebenza njengezindawo zokugcina amagciwane ayingozi, angabeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwesiguli.
Imithombo Yokungcola
Izifundo eziningi ziqokomisa amazinga asabekayo okungcola okutholakala emakhethini ezibhedlela zendabuko. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi:
- 92% amakhethini abonise ukungcola ngaphakathi isonto elilodwa kokusetshenziswa.
- 95% amakhethini abonise ukungcola okungenani kanye.
Imithombo eyinhloko yokungcola ihlanganisa:
- Ukusebenzisana kwabasebenzi bezempilo: Izandla ezingcolile zingadlulisela amagciwane ezindaweni, okuhlanganisa namakhethini. Ukuhlanzeka kwezandla okufanele kubalulekile ukulawula ukudluliswa kwamagciwane.
- Izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu: Amayunithi afana nokusha kanye namawadi okuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki abonisa ukuba khona okukhulu kwamagciwane. Izinhlobo ezimelana nezifo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), zilotshiwe kula makhethini.
- Ukuphathwa njalo: Iziguli, izivakashi, kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo bavame ukuthinta la makhethini, okwandisa amathuba okungcola.
Okuphawulekayo ukuthi izifo ezivame ukutholakala emakhethini ezibhedlela zendabuko zifaka:
- I-Staphylococcus aureus
- Imelana ne-Methicillin I-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- I-enterococcus engamelana ne-vancomycin (VRE)
- Izinduku ze-aerobic gram-negative
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi 21% amakhethini ahlolwe ukuthi ane-MRSA, kanti 42% kuboniswe ukungcoliswa yi-VRE. Lezi zibalo zigcizelela isidingo esibalulekile sezinyathelo zokulawula ukutheleleka ezisebenzayo.
Izinkinga Zokungcoliswa Okuhlukahlukene
Ukungcoliswa kwesikhumba okuhlukahlukene kusalokhu kuyinkinga enkulu ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amagciwane abangela izifo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (HAIs) avame ukuhlala emakhethini obumfihlo besiguli. Ingozi iyanda lapho abasebenzi bezempilo behluleka ukugeza noma ukubulala amagciwane ezandleni zabo ngemva kokuthinta lezi zindawo.
Amaphuzu alandelayo abonisa izinkinga zokungcoliswa okuhlobene namakhethini esibhedlela avamile:
- Amakhethini obumfihlo angangcoliswa zingakapheli isonto lokusetshenziswa futhi angahlala endaweni izinyanga eziningi, okwandisa ingozi yokusabalalisa izifo.
- Ucwaningo oluvela eNyuvesi yaseManitoba luthole ukuthi amakhethini e-cubicle angaba nezinhlobo eziningi zamagciwane, okuhlanganisa ne-MRSA. Ekupheleni kocwaningo lwamasonto amathathu, 100% amakhethini emakamelweni eziguli ahlolwe ukuthi ane-MRSA.
- Ukuqubuka kwama-HAI kuye kwalandelwa emuva emakhethini angcolile, okugqamisa indima yawo njengezinto ezithwala amagciwane namagciwane.
Izinzuzo Zamakhethini Alahlwayo Ezibhedlela
Ingozi Encishisiwe Yokutheleleka
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo athuthukisa kakhulu ukulawulwa kokutheleleka ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ukusetshenziswa kwawo kanye kunciphisa ingozi yokungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene, okuyisici esibalulekile ekuphepheni kwesiguli. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi la makhethini anganciphisa umthwalo wamagciwane ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kweziguli ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-40. Lokhu kunciphisa kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu njengeminyango yezimo eziphuthumayo kanye namagumbi okuhlinzwa.
Izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane zamakhethini alahlwayo zinegalelo elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwawo. Isibonelo, izifundo zibonisa ukuthi amakhethini abulala izinhlayiya asetshenziswa kumayunithi okunakekelwa okujulile (i-ICU) abonisa umsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane ngokumelene namagciwane anjenge Kunzima. Leli khono lisiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokutheleleka okuhlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (ii-HAI). Eqinisweni, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhethini eziguli alahlwayo kuye kwahlotshaniswa nokwehla kwamazinga okutheleleka ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-30, okuthuthukisa ukuphepha kweziguli iyonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhethini asetshenziswa kabusha endabuko avame ukungcoliswa phakathi nesonto lokusetshenziswa. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe kuyi-American Journal of Infection Control luqokomisa ukuthi amakhethini angu-92% anama-bacteria ayingozi njenge-MRSA ne-VRE. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amakhethini asesibhedlela angasetshenziswa angashintshwa njalo, okuphazamisa ngempumelelo umjikelezo wokudluliselwa kwamagciwane futhi kuhlinzeke indawo ephephile yeziguli.
Ukusetshenziswa Okulula Kanye
Ukulula kwamakhethini asesibhedlela asetshenziswa kanye kuphela akunakugcizelelwa ngokweqile. Lawa makhethini aqeda isidingo sezinqubo zokuhlanza eziningi ezihambisana namakhethini endwangu yendabuko. Izibhedlela zingagwema izindleko nesikhathi esidingekayo sokuwasha, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile ekunakekelweni kweziguli kunemisebenzi yokulungisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhethini alahlwayo ahlinzeka ngendawo entsha, engangcolisiwe yesiguli ngasinye. Lesi sici sibalulekile ekugcineni amazinga okuhlanzeka, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezigcwele amanzi njengamakamelo ezimo eziphuthumayo kanye namayunithi okunakekelwa okujulile. Ukushintshashintsha okusheshayo kwamakamelo okusekelwa amakhethini alahlwayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola ukunakekelwa endaweni ehlanzekile nephephile.
Izinzuzo zamakhethini asetshenziswa kanye kuphela zidlulela ngale kokulawulwa kokutheleleka. Zithuthukisa ulwazi lwesiguli ngokuthuthukisa umbono wokuhlanzeka. Amakhethini amasha anikela enduduzo kanye nokwethenjwa kwesiguli, okuyizinto ezibalulekile zokunakekelwa kwempilo okusezingeni eliphezulu.
| Inzuzo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa Kokungcola Okuphambene | Amakhethini alahlwayo ashintshwa ngokuphelele, okunciphisa ingozi yokuthi amagciwane asinde endwangu. |
| Umthwalo Wokuhlanza Oncishisiwe | Izibhedlela zigwema izindleko nesikhathi esihambisana nokuwasha njalo amakhethini endabuko. |
| Okuhlangenwe nakho Okuthuthukisiwe Kwesiguli | Amakhethini amasha athuthukisa umbono wokuhlanzeka, anegalelo enduduzo kanye nokwethenjwa kwesiguli. |
Izinzuzo Zokusebenza Zamakhethini Ezibhedlela Alahlwayo
Izinqubo Zokuhlanza Ezilula
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo enza kube lula kakhulu ukuhlanza. Umklamo wawo wokusetshenziswa kanye uqeda isidingo sokuwasha, okuyinqubo ethatha isikhathi eside ehlotshaniswa namakhethini endwangu yendabuko. Izibhedlela zingawashintsha ngokushesha lawa makhethini, zinikeze isithiyo esisha nesingenamagciwane kumuntu ngamunye. Le ndlela yenza kube lula izindlela zokulawula ukutheleleka futhi inciphise ingozi yokungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene.
- Izibhedlela zibike kuze kube yi-a Ukwehliswa okungu-93% ekungcolisweni ngamagciwane ngemva kokushintshela kumakhethini alahlwayo.
- Ukushintsha amakhethini manje kuthatha kuphela Imizuzwana engama-20, uma kuqhathaniswa imizuzu engama-20 ngezinketho zendabuko. Ezinye izinhlelo zivumela izinguquko zamakhethini ku Imizuzwana engama-30 noma ngaphansi.
- Ukungabikho kwezinqubo zokuhlanza eziyinkimbinkimbi kuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile kakhulu ekunakekelweni kweziguli kunemisebenzi yokulungisa.
Ukusebenza kahle okutholakala ngokusebenzisa amakhethini alahlwayo kuthuthukisa ukuphepha kanye nokwaneliseka kwesiguli.
Ukusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko Ngokuhamba Kwesikhathi
Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zamakhethini asesibhedlela angasetshenziswa zingase zibonakale ziphezulu, zibonakala zisebenza kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa ukuthi izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila kwamakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha cishe $115,750 iminyaka engaphezu kweyisikhombisa, kuyilapho amakhethini alahlwayo ebiza cishe yonke imali $224,000 ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kodwa-ke, amakhethini aphinde asetshenziswe adinga ukuwashwa njalo, okwengeza ezindlekweni zawo zizonke.
| Isici | Amakhethini Alahlwayo | Amakhethini Endwangu (Angasetshenziswa Kabusha) |
|---|---|---|
| Ukulungiswa | Okuncane; ukushintshwa okusheshayo | Kudinga ukuhlanzwa njalo, ukuhlanzwa, kanye nokulengiswa kabusha |
| Umthwalo Womsebenzi Wabasebenzi | Phansi; akudingi kakhulu umsebenzi | Isikhathi esiphezulu; ukuzibophezela okukhulu emsebenzini kanye nesikhathi |
| Ukusebenza Kahle Kwesikhathi | Okuphezulu; ukufakwa okusheshayo nokushintshwa | Iphansi; ukuhlanza izingubo kwandisa izidingo zesikhathi |
| Ukulawulwa Kokutheleleka | Ukushintshwa njalo kungenzeka | Kudinga amashejuli aqinile ukuvimbela ukungcola |
| Ubunzima Bokusebenza | Kuphansi; akudingeki ukuwasha izingubo | Izinqubo zokuhlanza eziphezulu; eziyinkimbinkimbi |
| Umthelela Ekunakekelweni Kweziguli | Abasebenzi bagxila kakhulu ekunakekelweni kweziguli | Isikhathi esiningi sabasebenzi esichithwa ekulungiseni amakhethini |
Ngokunciphisa isikhathi esichithwa ekulungiseni nasekuthuthukiseni ukulawulwa kokutheleleka, amakhethini ezibhedlela alahlwayo ekugcineni aholela ekwabiweni okungcono kwezinsiza kanye nemiphumela ethuthukisiwe yeziguli.
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo abalulekile ekulawuleni ukutheleleka. Ukuqaliswa kwawo kusebenza njengesinyathelo sokuqala sokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwesiguli. Izikhungo ezisebenzisa la makhethini zithola izinzuzo ezibalulekile:
- Ukulawulwa Kokutheleleka: Amakhethini alahlwayo anciphisa kakhulu amathuba okudluliswa kwegciwane ngokusetshenziswa kanye.
- Izakhiwo Zokulwa Namagciwane: Zivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane ayingozi, ziqinisekisa indawo ehlanzekile yesiguli ngasinye.
- Ukushintsha Okusheshayo: Abasebenzi bangashintsha amakhethini ngemizuzu engaphansi kwemibili, okuvumela ukugxila okwengeziwe ekunakekelweni kwesiguli.
- Ukwaneliseka Kwesiguli Okuthuthukisiwe: Ukubukeka okuhle kunomthelela endaweni eyamukelayo, kuthuthukisa induduzo kanye nokwethenjwa kwesiguli.
Ukutshala imali ezintweni ezingasetshenziswa kungaholela emiphumeleni engcono yezempilo ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Zenziwe ngani izindwangu zesibhedlela ezilahlwayo?
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo ngokuvamile enziwa ngendwangu eqinile ye-polypropylene engalukiwe, okuqinisekisa amandla kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane ukuze kuthuthukiswe inhlanzeko.
Kufanele kushintshwe kangaki amakhethini alahlwayo?
Izikhungo kufanele zishintshe amakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha ngemva kokusebenzisa isiguli ngasinye noma lapho ebonakala engcolile ukuze kugcinwe inhlanzeko efanele kanye nokulawula ukutheleleka.
Ingabe amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo anobungani nemvelo?
Yebo, amakhethini amaningi asesibhedlela angasetshenziswa, njengalawo avela e-Esun, enziwe ngezinto ezingasetshenziswa kabusha eziyi-100%, okusekela imikhuba eqhubekayo ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
