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Ukuphepha kwe-ICU Kuthuthukiswe Ngamakhethini Ezibhedlela Angasetshenziswa Ukuze Kuncishiswe Izingozi Zokungcola
Iyalahlwa Amakhethini e-Cubicle kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwe-ICU ngokunciphisa izingozi zokungcola.amakhethini okuhlinzwa idlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni izifo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (ii-HAI) phakathi kweziguli ezisengozini. Ngokusebenzisa amakhethini ezokwelapha alahlwayo, izikhungo zezempilo zithatha izinyathelo zokuvikela impilo yesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi bamakhethini esibhedlela bagxila kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amakhethini alwa namagciwane ukuze bathuthukise amazinga okuhlanzeka ku amakhethini egumbi lesibhedlela.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
- Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo kunciphisa kakhulu izingozi zokungcola ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo, okusiza ekuvimbeleni izifo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (ii-HAI).
- Ukusebenzisa Ikhethini elilahlwayoskuqeda isidingo sokuwasha izingubo, ukonga isikhathi kanye nezinsiza ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa indawo ehlanzekile yesiguli ngasinye.
- Izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane ezikhethini ezilahlwayo zibulala amagciwane ngenkuthalo, zinikeza indawo ephephile yeziguli ezisengozini futhi zithuthukisa amazinga okuhlanzeka jikelele.
Usongo Olukhulayo Lwezifo Ezihlobene Nokunakekelwa Kwezempilo
Izifo ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwempilo (HAIs) zibeka engcupheni enkulu ukuphepha kweziguli, ikakhulukazi ezigumbini zokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Ukusabalala kwalezi zifo kuyethusa, kanti izibalo zomhlaba wonke zibonisa ukuthi cishe 51.4% kweziguli zase-ICU zithola izifo ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwazo. EYurophu nase-USA, ukusabalala kwazo kuyahlukahluka kusukela 9% kuya ku-37%Lezi zibalo ziqokomisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sezinyathelo zokulawula ukutheleleka ezisebenzayo ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Izinga lama-HAI limi ku- 18.78 ngezinsuku eziyi-1,000 zesiguli, ngesilinganiso esilungisiwe se 5.17 ngezinsuku eziyi-1,000 zesiguli ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni bokugula. Izibalo ezinjalo zigcizelela uhlobo olubalulekile lwamasu okuvimbela ukutheleleka, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho iziguli sezivele zisengozini.
Izibalo Eziyinhloko Nge-HAIs:
- Ukusabalala kwezifo ezitholakala e-ICU emhlabeni wonke: 51.4%
- Ukwanda eYurophu nase-USA: 9% kuya ku-37%
- Izinga lama-HAI: 18.78 ngezinsuku eziyi-1,000 zesiguli
- Izinga elilungisiwe ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni bokugula: 5.17 ngezinsuku eziyi-1,000 zesiguli
Umthelela Emiphumeleni Yesiguli
Imiphumela ye-HAI idlulela ngale kwezibalo nje; ithinta kakhulu imiphumela yesiguli. Ukutheleleka kungaholela ekuhlaleni isikhathi eside esibhedlela, kanye nokwanda okumaphakathi kwe Izinsuku eziyi-10.4 ubude bokuhlala (LOS) ngenxa ye-HAIs. Lokhu kwanda kuyahlukahluka ngohlobo lokutheleleka, kanye nokutheleleka kwegazi okubangela i-LOS evamile Izinsuku ezingu-12.8.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-HAI ahlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu okufa ezigulini zase-ICU. Izinkinga ezivela ekuthelelekeni, njengokutheleleka kwegazi okuhlobene nomugqa ophakathi kanye ne-pneumonia ehlobene nokuphefumula, kuphakamisa ingozi yokufa. Amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ezigulini zase-ICU azenza zibe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka okukhulu.
- Ama-HAI ayingozi ngqo empilweni yeziguli, okuholela ekwandeni kwamazinga okufa.
- Amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ezigulini ze-ICU azenza zibe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ukuthi kungakhuli kube yizimo ezisongela ukuphila.
Umthelela we-HAIs ekululameni kwesiguli ukhulu kakhulu. Azigcini nje ngokwandisa ukuhlala esibhedlela, kodwa futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi izinhlelo zokwelashwa futhi zandisa izindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokulawula ukutheleleka ezisebenzayo, njengokusebenzisa amakhethini e-cubicle alahlwayo, kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yama-HAI futhi kuthuthukise imiphumela yeziguli.
Ukuqonda Amakhethini Ezibhedlela Alahlwayo
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo asebenza njengengxenye ebalulekile ekugcineni inhlanzeko ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Lawa makhethini aklanyelwe ngqo ukusetshenziswa kanye kuphela, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene. Ngokungafani namakhethini endabuko angasetshenziswa kabusha, amakhethini asegumbini alahlwayo awadingi ukuwashwa, okwenza kube ukukhetha okusebenzayo kakhulu kokulawula ukutheleleka.
Incazelo kanye nezici
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo alula, kulula ukuwafaka, futhi aklanyelwe ukushintshwa ngokushesha. Isici sawo esiyinhloko yikhono lokunikeza umgoqo ohlanzekile phakathi kweziguli, okubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwezifo. Lawa makhethini avame ukwenziwa ngezinto ezimelana nomswakama futhi aphathwa ngezingubo zokulwa namagciwane. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane namagciwane ngenkuthalo, kuqinisekisa indawo ephephile yeziguli kanye nabasebenzi bezempilo ngokufanayo.
Izici Eziyinhloko Zamakhethini Esibhedlela Alahlwayo:
- Umklamo osetshenziswa kanye kuphela: Kunciphisa ingozi yokungcola.
- Izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane: Ibulala amagciwane ngenkuthalo.
- Ilula futhi kulula ukuyifaka: Kusiza ekushintsheni okusheshayo.
- Izinto ezingamelani nomswakama: Kusiza ekugcineni inhlanzeko.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, amakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha angaba nama-superbugs namagciwane, okudinga izinguquko ezivamile ukuze kulondolozwe ukulawulwa kokutheleleka. Nakuba zingase zibonakale zingabizi kakhulu ekuqaleni, izindleko zesikhathi eside ezihlobene nokuwasha zingaba phezulu, ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela ukuqina kwazo kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi.
Izinto Ezisetshenzisiwe
Izinto ezisetshenziswa kumakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwawo kahle. Amakhethini amaningi alahlwayo afaka ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokulwa namagciwane. Isibonelo, amakhethini e-Endurocide® aklanyelwe ukubulala amagciwane ahlangana nawo impilo yawo yonke yeminyaka emibili. Lesi sici sinciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokungcola uma kuqhathaniswa namakhethini endabuko.
Izinhlobo eziningana zezinto zokulwa namagciwane zivame ukusetshenziswa emakhethinini asesibhedlela alahlwayo:
- Amakhethini e-Endurocide®: Ibulala amagciwane ngenkuthalo, isebenza iminyaka emibili.
- Amakhethini e-EcoMed: Iphathwe ngesivikelo sesizukulwane sesithathu se-Ultra-Fresh, okuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kwama-antibacterial agents.
- Amakhethini Alahlwayo e-MARLUXSebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besiliva beMicroban® ukuze uthole isivikelo esingcono kakhulu samagciwane.
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | Ubuchwepheshe Bokulwa Namagciwane | Izici Eziyinhloko |
|---|---|---|
| Amakhethini Alahlwayo e-MARLUX | Ubuchwepheshe besiliva be-Microban® | Ukuvikelwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi, kunciphisa ama-HAI, okuhlala isikhathi eside |
| Amakhethini e-Endurocide® | I-Endurocide® Antimicrobial | Ibulala amagciwane, isebenza iminyaka emibili |
| Amakhethini e-MARLUX™ | Ubuchwepheshe be-Microban® | Ivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane ngo-99.99%, ingaphinde isetshenziswe |
| Amakhethini e-EcoMed | Ukuvikelwa Okusha Kakhulu | Izithasiselo ezisebenzayo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, ezisebenza isikhathi eside |
Ukuhlanganisa lezi zinto ekwakhiweni kwamakhethini e-cubicle alahlwayo kuthuthukisa ikhono lawo lokunikeza indawo ephephile nehlanzekile. Ukusetshenziswa kwezembozo zokulwa namagciwane kuqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli ngasinye sinendawo entsha, engangcolisiwe, okubalulekile ekuphepheni kwesiguli.
Izinzuzo Zamakhethini Alahlwayo Ekulawuleni Ukutheleleka
Ukunciphisa Ukungcola Okuphambeneyo
Amakhethini e-cubicle alahlwayo kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokungcoliswa kwamanye amagumbi ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ngokungafani namakhethini endabuko, angaba namagciwane uma engagezwa njalo, amakhethini alahlwayo ayashintshwa ngokuphelele ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye. Lo mkhuba uqeda amathuba okuba amagciwane asinde endwangu. Ukushintsha njalo amakhethini alahlwayo kunciphisa ingozi yokungcoliswa kwamanye amagumbi, okwenza abe yisisombululo esisebenzayo sokulawula ukutheleleka ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Amaphuzu Ayinhloko Ngokungcoliswa Okuphambene:
- Amakhethini alahlwayo ashintshwa ngokuphelele, okususa ingozi yokusinda kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
- Amakhethini endabuko angaqoqana amabhaktheriya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma engagezwa njalo.
- Ukushintsha njalo amakhethini alahlwayo kunciphisa kakhulu izingozi zokungcoliswa kwamanye amakhethini.
Ukulula Nokulula Kokusebenzisa
Ukulula kwamakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo akunakugcizelelwa ngokweqile. Umklamo wawo wokusetshenziswa kanye uqeda isidingo sokuwasha, wonga isikhathi kanye nezinsizakusebenza zabasebenzi bezempilo. Ukufakwa kabusha okusheshayo kuqinisekisa indawo entsha nehlanzekile yesiguli ngasinye. Izinqubo zokuhlanza ezilula ezihambisana namakhethini alahlwayo zenza kube lula izindlela zokulawula ukutheleleka.
Izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo ziyazuza ngokusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe njengoba ukususwa kwezinqubo zokuhlanza ezithatha isikhathi kuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile emisebenzini ebalulekile njengokunakekelwa kweziguli. Uhlelo lwekhethini lwe-Rapid Refresh® luvumela izinguquko ezisheshayo, luthuthukise ukuhamba komsebenzi futhi lunciphise isikhathi esichithwa ekulungiseni.
Izinzuzo Zokulula:
- Amakhethini alahlwayo onga isikhathi ngokuqeda izidingo zokuwasha.
- Ukufakwa kabusha okusheshayo kuqinisekisa indawo ehlanzekile yeziguli.
- Ukusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe kuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi babeke phambili ukunakekelwa kweziguli.
Ukuhambisana Nezindinganiso Zezempilo
Ukuthobela izindinganiso zezempilo kubalulekile ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokulawulwa kokutheleleka. Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo asiza izikhungo ukuba zilandele izindinganiso zokuhlanzeka eziqinile, okuqinisekisa indlela esebenzayo yokuvimbela ukutheleleka. Ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka eziphakeme ezibalulekile ekugcineni ukugunyazwa kwesibhedlela nokugwema izinhlawulo zokungalandeli imithetho.
Ukuthobela imithetho kubalulekile emikhiqizweni elahlwayo njengamakhethini asesibhedlela. Izindawo zokugeza zangaphakathi kumele zilandele imithetho ethile ye-CDC kanye ne-OSHA ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izindwangu zihlanzwe kahle. I-Joint Commission (TJC) igcizelela ubumfihlo nokuphepha kweziguli, okuthonya isidingo sezithiyo ezanele zokubona nomsindo ezinikezwa amakhethini.
| Umthethonqubo/Ojwayelekile | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| IKhomishini Ehlangene (i-TJC) | Igcizelela ubumfihlo besiguli kanye nendawo ephephile, ithonya isidingo sezithiyo ezibonakalayo nezomsindo ezanele ngamakhethini. |
| Umthetho Wobumfihlo we-HIPAA | Kuqinisekisa isithunzi sesiguli kanye nokugcinwa kwemfihlo, okuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwamakhethini esibhedlela. |
| Imithetho Kahulumeni Neyasendaweni | Kungafaka izindinganiso zokuphepha emlilweni ezengeziwe, imininingwane yezinto ezibonakalayo, noma izinqubo zokuhlanza amakhethini e-cubicle. |
Ukuqhathanisa Amakhethini Alahlwayo Namakhethini Endabuko
Ukusebenza Kokulawula Ukutheleleka
Ukusebenza kahle kokulawula ukutheleleka kuyisici esibalulekile uma kuqhathaniswa amakhethini e-cubicle angasetshenziswa nezinketho zendabuko. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi Amakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha angu-92% zingcoliswa yizinto eziphilayo ezingamelani nemithi eminingi, njenge-MRSA kanye ne-VRE, zingakapheli isonto elilodwa. Lokhu kubeka izingozi ezinkulu ekuphepheni kwesiguli. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amakhethini alahlwayo alwa namagciwane abonisa amazinga okungcola acishe abe yi-zero ngemva kwamasonto angama-20. Ukwakheka kwawo kuvumela ukushintshwa njalo, okubalulekile ekulawuleni ukutheleleka okuphumelelayo.
| Uhlobo Lobufakazi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Amanani Okungcola | Amakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha angu-92% angcoliswa yi-MRSA kanye ne-VRE phakathi nesonto elilodwa. |
| Ukusebenza | Amakhethini alahlwayo alwa namagciwane abonisa cishe ukungcola okungekho ngemva kwamasonto angu-20. |
| Imvamisa Yokufaka Esikhundleni | Amakhethini alahlwayo avumela ukushintshwa njalo, okubalulekile ekulawuleni ukutheleleka. |
Ukusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko
Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko kungenye into ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe. Amakhethini alahlwayo angase abe nezindleko eziphansi zokuqala, kodwa aholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme zesikhathi eside ngenxa yokushintsha njalo. Amakhethini aphinde asetshenziswe angahlala iminyaka eyisikhombisa, kanti izinketho ezingasetshenziswa kabusha zivame ukuhlala kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kanye kuya ezinyangeni ezintathu. Izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila kwamakhethini aphinde asetshenziswe cishe zingaba $115,750 eminyakeni engaphezu kweyisikhombisa, uma kuqhathaniswa cishe $224,000 amakhethini angasetshenziswa. Lokhu kubonisa ukonga okungenzeka $108,250 uma ukhetha amakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha.
- Amakhethini alahlwayo abangela izindleko eziqhubekayo ngenxa yesidingo sawo sokushintshwa njalo.
- Amakhethini aphinde asetshenziswe anciphisa izindleko ezihlobene nokuwasha nokulungisa.
- Izindleko zokuhlanza amakhethini endabuko ziyanda ngokushesha, zidala umthwalo omkhulu wezezimali ezikhungweni zezempilo.
Izinto Ezicatshangelwayo Ngezemvelo
Ukucabangela imvelo nakho kudlala indima enkambisweni yokwenza izinqumo. Ukuhlolwa okuphelele komjikelezo wokuphila kwembula ukuthi amakhethini angasetshenziswa kabusha, uma ehlanganiswa nezinye izingxenye ezisetshenziswa kanye, angadla cishe amandla aphindwe kabili kunawo wonke futhi akhiqize ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide okwengeziwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ezilahlwa ngokuphelele.
| Isici | Ama-Drape Alahlwayo | Ama-Drape Angasetshenziswa Kabusha |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusetshenziswa Kwamanzi | Okuphansi (ukukhiqiza) | Ukuwasha izingubo okuphezulu (ukugeza) |
| Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla | Okumaphakathi | Umjikelezo wokuphila ophezulu (umjikelezo wokuphila) |
| Ama-Raw material | Okwenziwayo | Ukotini/iPolyester |
Nakuba amakhethini alahlwayo evame ukubhekwa njengangazinzile kangako, ezinye izinketho zingaphinde zisetshenziswe ngo-100% futhi zenziwe ngezinto ezingenamakhemikhali. Lawa makhethini angaphinde asetshenziswe neminye imikhiqizo ye-propylene engu-#5, njenge-blue wrap kanye ne-gowns. Ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezingenamakhemikhali ezisungulwe yinhlangano ye-Healthier Hospitals, okwenza kube inketho efanelekile yezikhungo ezinakekela imvelo.
- Amakhethini alahlwayo angaphinde asetshenziswe, okunciphisa imfucuza.
- Zenzelwe ukususwa nokushintshwa ngokushesha, okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka.
- Amakhethini aphinde asetshenziswe adinga amanzi amaningi kanye namandla okuwasha, okuthinta imvelo.
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo abalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwe-ICU kanye nokunciphisa izingozi zokungcoliswa. Izinzuzo zabo zifaka phakathi ukwehla okukhulu kokungcoliswa okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zezempilo. Lapho ukhetha umhlinzeki, cabanga ngezinto ezifana nokukhethwa kwezinto, ukumelana nomlilo, kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane. Ukukhetha umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa njenge-HAIGuard™ kuqinisekisa izixazululo zokulawula ukutheleleka ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezisebenzayo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Zenziwe ngani izindwangu zesibhedlela ezilahlwayo?
Amakhethini asesibhedlela alahlwayo ngokuvamile kuqukethe izinto ezilula, ezingamelani nomswakama eziphathwe ngezingubo zokulwa namagciwane ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhula kwezifo.
Kufanele kushintshwe kangaki amakhethini alahlwayo?
Izikhungo zezempilo kufanele shintsha amakhethini alahlwayo ngemva kokusebenzisa isiguli ngasinye noma okungenani njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu ukuze kugcinwe inhlanzeko efanele.
Ingabe amakhethini alahlwayo anobungani nemvelo?
Amanye amakhethini alahlwayo angasetshenziswa kabusha futhi enziwe ngezinto ezingenamakhemikhali, okwenza abe inketho ehlala isikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa namakhethini endabuko. 🌱
